Clear cockpit audio, pilot’s almost certainly intentional act: In Air India crash, new claims via Italian news report India News

All three parts are in New Delhi, the capital city of India. That means a strong federal government with weak state governments. Its original form said that India would be a “sovereign, democratic republic”.

India has reduced its rate of poverty but its economic inequality has increased. According to New World Wealth, India is the fifth richest country in the world with a total individual wealth of $12.6 trillion. India has the fourth largest economy by nominal GDP, the third largest by GDP (PPP) and is one of the fastest growing major economy. India has the second largest military force in the world and is also a nuclear weapon state. It is a multilingual (multiple languages) and multicultural (multiple cultures) society. By 1200 BCE, Sanskrit, an Indo-European language, spread to India from the northwest.

India also has the largest population of people adhering to both Zoroastrianism (Parsis and Iranis) and the Bahá’í Faith. The Eighth Schedule of India’s Constitution also recognises 22 languages, including Hindi but not English, which the government is obligated to develop. The relative peace maintained by the empire during much of the 17th century was a factor in India’s economic expansion, resulting in greater patronage of painting, literary forms, textiles, and architecture. Indian merchants, scholars, and sometimes armies were involved in this transmission; Southeast Asians took the initiative as well, with many sojourning in Indian seminaries and translating Buddhist and Hindu texts into their languages.

• Other religions, notably Buddhism and Jainism, originated in India—though their presence there is now quite small—and throughout the centuries residents of the subcontinent developed a rich intellectual life in such fields as mathematics, astronomy, architecture, literature, music, and the fine arts.
• There was an increase in the number of large-scale famines, and, despite the risks of infrastructure development borne by Indian taxpayers, little industrial employment was generated for Indians.
• India is the world’s fourth-largest economy with the world’s largest population, yet EU exports to India remain relatively low, compared to our exports elsewhere.
• Its government is a democratic parliamentary system.

About 65% of Indians live in rural areas, or land set aside for farming. Over one quarter of the population (27.5%) was living in poverty in 2004–2005. In terms of PPP, the economy is 3rd largest (worth US$8.720 trillion). It is the 7th largest in the world with a nominal GDP of $2,250 billion (USD).

What languages are spoken in India?

The earliest literary source that sheds light on India’s past is the Rig Veda. The History of India begins with the Indus Valley Civilization and the coming of the Aryans. King Shivaji used the guerrilla tactics to capture a part of, the then, dominant Mughal empire. Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj was the founder of the Maratha Empire in western India. Shah Jahan, also known as Shahbuddin Mohammed Shah Jahan, was a Mughal Emperor who ruled in the Indian Subcontinent from 1628 to 1658.

Buddhism and Jainism were also developed in India at the same time. Humans began to create settlements in the subcontinent 9,000 years ago, on the western banks of the Indus River. At first, they had lived in the subcontinent as hunter-gatherers.

This victory marked the third consecutive term for Shri Modi, further solidifying his leadership.The 2024 elections saw a remarkable voter turnout, with a significant portion of the electorate showing continued confidence in Shri Modi’s leadership and vision for the country. Shri Narendra Modi was sworn-in as India’s Prime Minister for the third time on 9th June 2024, following another decisive victory in the 2024 Parliamentary elections. Dynamic, dedicated and determined, Narendra Modi arrives as a ray of hope in the lives of a billion Indians. © Ministry of Tourism, Government of India.

To the south, the remaining peninsular landmass, the Deccan Plateau, is flanked on the west and east by coastal ranges known as the Western and Eastern Ghats; the plateau contains the country’s oldest rock formations, some over one billion years old. India’s defining geologic processes began approximately 70 million years ago, when the Indian Plate, then part of the southern supercontinent Gondwana, began a north-eastward drift caused by seafloor spreading to its south-west, and later, south and south-east. Expanding commerce during Mughal rule gave rise to new Indian commercial and political elites along the coasts of southern and eastern India. The term Bharat (Bhārat; pronounced ˈbʱaːɾət ⓘ), mentioned in both Indian epic poetry and the Constitution of India, is used in its variations by many Indian languages. This era was noted for creativity in art, architecture, and writing, but the status of women declined, and untouchability became an organised belief.l In South India, the Middle kingdoms exported Dravidian language scripts and religious cultures to the kingdoms of Southeast Asia. India’s pre-existing Dravidian languages were supplanted in the northern regions.

In the decades following, public life gradually emerged all over India, leading eventually to the founding of the Indian National Congress in 1885. Fed by diverse resentments and perceptions, including invasive British-style social reforms, harsh land taxes, and summary treatment of some wealthy landowners and princes, the rebellion rocked many regions of northern and central India and shook the foundations of Company rule. Disaffection with the company also grew during this time and set off the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

Cut back to February 2026, India and the US have now agreed to a trade deal, and ties are firmly on an upswing. It came days after Trump wished PM Modi on his birthday on September 17, as India-US ties slowly came back on track. Trump, being Trump, boasted even though India denied any such concrete assurance.

Early modern India

India’s economy is among the world’s fastest growing. Neither mainland China nor Taiwan recognize that Arunachal Pradesh belongs to India. Indians and Tibetans see this line as the official border. In 1914, British India and Tibet agreed on the McMahon Line, as part of the Simla Accord.

Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;k China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. On a day when the Supreme Court of India sought a progress report on the probe into an Air India plane’s June 2025 crash in Ahmedabad — 260 people were killed — an Italian newspaper came out with new claims citing sources in aviation agencies. The Indian national football team has won the South Asian Football Federation Cup many times. Association football is also a popular sport in northeast India, West Bengal, Goa and Kerala. India has the largest movie industry in the world. Native speakers of Hindi represented about 41% of the Indian population in the 2001 Indian census.

After the 10th century, Muslim Central Asian nomadic clans, using swift-horse cavalry and raising vast armies united by ethnicity, repeatedly overran South Asia’s north-western plains,r leading eventually to the establishment of the Islamic Delhi Sultanate in 1206. Temple towns of various sizes began to appear everywhere as India underwent another urbanisation. The Indian early medieval age, from 600 to 1200 CE, was defined by regional kingdoms and cultural diversity.

There are many different languages and cultures in India. Altogether, 1,625 languages are spoken in India. Hindi and English are official languages of India. In the west is the Arabian Sea, in the south is the Indian Ocean, and in the east is the Bay of Bengal. One of the oldest languages in the world, Tamil, developed in South India more than 3000 years ago.

In the 2014 general election, the BJP under Narendra Modi became the first political party since 1984 to win an absolute majority. Singh became the first prime minister Bet365 to be re-elected after Jawaharlal Nehru in 1962. United Front coalition governments followed, which relied on external political support, H.

India’s landmass, which forms the northwestern portion of the Indian-Australian Plate, began to drift slowly northward toward the much larger Eurasian Plate several hundred million years ago (after the former broke away from the ancient southern-hemispheric supercontinent known as Gondwana, or Gondwanaland). Much of India’s territory lies within a large peninsula, surrounded by the Arabian Sea to the west and the Bay of Bengal to the east; Cape Comorin (Kanniyakumari), the southernmost point of the Indian mainland, marks the dividing line between those two bodies of water. The land of India—together with Bangladesh and most of Pakistan—forms a well-defined subcontinent, set off from the rest of Asia by the imposing northern mountain rampart of the Himalayas and by adjoining mountain ranges to the west and east. Though the country’s population remains largely rural, India has three of the most populous and cosmopolitan cities in the world—Mumbai (Bombay), Kolkata (Calcutta), and Delhi. The subcontinent was then partitioned along religious lines into two separate countries—India, with a majority of Hindus, and Pakistan, with a majority of Muslims; the eastern portion of Pakistan later split off to form Bangladesh.

India was no longer exporting manufactured goods as it long had, but instead supplying the British Empire with raw materials. Its further access to the riches of Bengal and the subsequent increased strength and size of its army enabled it to annexe or subdue most of India by the 1820s. As the empire disintegrated, many among these elites were able to seek and control their own affairs.

Sri Venkateswara Swamy Vaari Temple

After the India–Pakistan war of 1965, Shastri died in January 1966, soon after signing the Tashkent Peace Declaration. After Nehru died in office in May 1964, Lal Bahadur Shastri was unanimously chosen by the Congress to be parliamentary leader, and thus prime minister. The Congress is considered the ideological centre in Indian political culture; the BJP is right-wing. India hosts more than five hundred wildlife sanctuaries and eighteen biosphere reserves, four of which are part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves; its eighty-nine wetlands are registered under the Ramsar Convention. In 1972, India enacted the Wildlife Protection Act and Project Tiger to safeguard crucial wilderness; the Forest Conservation Act was enacted in 1980 and amendments added in 1988. In response, the system of national parks and protected areas, first established in 1935, was expanded substantially.

India is ruled under the Constitution of India. The Congress is known as centre in Indian political culture, while the BJP is known as right-wing. It happens because the deserts attract water-filled winds from the Indian Ocean, which give rain when they come into India. It keeps the most of the subcontinent warmer than most places at same latitudes. In South India, the climate is mainly tropical, which means it can get very hot in summer and cool in winter. India’s total coastline is 7,517-kilometre (4,700-mile) long.

India is the world’s fourth-largest economy with the world’s largest population, yet EU exports to India remain relatively low, compared to our exports elsewhere. The agreement will give EU companies privileged access to the world’s most populous country (nearly 1.5 billion people) and the fourth largest economy. Together, the EU and India represent around a quarter of the world’s population, with two billion people, and about 25% of the world’s gross domestic product (GDP). The British administered India for a period of about two centuries and brought about revolutionary changes in the social, political and the economic life of the country. Mr Modi is only the second Indian leader to win a third consecutive term after the country’s first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru. India is the world’s largest democracy and, according to UN estimates, its population is expected to overtake China’s in 2028 to become the world’s most populous nation.

This list includes major regional languages, but also others—such as Sanskrit, which no longer has first language speakers in India, and Urdu, which is not region-specific—because of their value to India’s cultural heritage. Hindi language protagonists wanted Hindi in the Devanagari script to be the sole “national language” of India whereas delegates from South India preferred English to have a place in the Constitution. The official language of India’s federal government was chosen by the Constituent Assembly of India in September 1949 after three years of debate between two opposing camps. Female infanticide in India, and lately female foeticide, have created lop-sided gender ratios; the number of missing women in the country quadrupled from 15 million to 63 million during the period 1964–2014, faster than the population growth during the same period. Averaging an economic growth rate of 7.5% for several years before 2007, India has more than doubled its hourly wage rates during the first decade of the 21st century. Until 1991, all Indian governments followed protectionist policies that were influenced by socialist economics.